Improved apparatus for evaporating- ammoniacal and other liquids



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LEVI .s-FALEs, or New"- YORK, N. Y.

Letters Patent No. 93,072,1dated July 27, 1869.

The Schedule referred tu in these Letters Patent and making pa't ofthe same.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, LEVI S. FALEs, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Apparatus for Evaporating the Ammoniacal Liquor of Gas-Works or other Liquids, and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, which represents a vertical section of au apparatus constructed according to my invention.

This invention, though applicable to the evaporation of other liquids, and to some distilling-purposes, is more especiallyY designed for the evaporation of the ammoniacal liquors obtained from gas-works, for the manufacture of sulphate of ammonia.

It consists in a novel arrangement 'of superposed .and intel-communicating evaporating-chambers, for

the reception of the liquid to be evaporated, and iuterposed steam-passages, whereby the heating of the liquid is ciectedl in thin sheets, and a very effective evaporation is obtained.

To enable others to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe it with reference to the drawlugs.

A is a shell of oblong parallelopipedal or others-uitable shape, of boiler-iron, or other suitable metal, forming the side walls of -the apparatus. This-shell may be braced internally in any suitable manner, and may be encased with any suitable poor-conducting material, to prevent loss of heat by radiation.

The said shell is divided by horizontal or slightly inclined partitions a l), arranged in pairs, and extending from end to end, and from side to side, into a series of superposed evaporating-ohambers, B1Bz 'B3 B4 B5 lmd interposed shallow steam-passages C1 C2 O3 Vhen inclined', the several pairs of partitions Va b are inclined alternately in opposite directions, as represented in the drawing.

The several steam-passages above mentioned are connected at opposite ends alternately by a number of upright pipes g, for the purpose of permitting-a circulation of steam through the whole series, one after the other in succession, the steam being admitted into the uppermost passage C5, from a boiler or superheat ing-apparatus, through' a pipe, and the water of condensation escapingA from the lowest chamber by a pipe, h. p

The 'several evaporatiug-chambers are connected l each, with the one above and below it, by two sets of pipes e and f, the lowerends of the said pipes terminating each in the upper plate-b of one evaporating-chamber, and extending some distance above the lower plate a of the evaporating-chamber above, the y upper ends ot' the pipes f, reaching higher up than' the pipes. c within'their respective chambers.

Each evaporating-chamber is furnished at one end with a man-hole, the cover G of which is removable,

Yfor the `purpose ot' cleaning out the ,chamber when necessary.

D is a pipe, connecting withthe uppermost evaporating-chamber, for the ingress of the liquid to be evaporated. I

Eis a pipe, connecting with the lowest evaporatingchamber, for drawing off the spent liquid after evaporation. l

F is a pipe attached to the uppermost evaporatingchamber, for the egress of the vapors eliminated from the liquids.

The operation of the apparatus, when employed for the evaporation of ammniacal liquor, is as follows:

The partition-plates b, forming the bottoms of the several evaporating-chambers, have spread over them a stratum of lime,to facilitate the elimination of the vapors (carbonate of ammonia-) from the liquor, and the liquor is admitted through the pipe D to the uppermost evaporating-chamber B6, from whence, .ou ris- 4 ing above the level ofthe tops of the pipes e, it overows to the next chamber B5 below.` After filling the last-mentioned chamber to the level of the top of its pipes e, it overows into B, and so on, overflowing from each tothe next one below through -the whole series of chambers, until it reaches the lowest, B1, whence its escape is properly regulated by a-stop-cock in the pipe E. Y

While the liquor is thus circulating through the whole series of chambers, snperheated steam, at a temperature of about 4000 Fahrenheit, is admitted by the pipe (l to the uppermost steam-passage O5, and allowed to circulate, thence through the pipes g, into the next passage C4 below, and so on, downward through the whole series of passages in succession, the water of condensation and spent steam passing off at h,

The liquor in the several levaporating-chambers is thus heated to a'suitable degree, toproduce evaporation, and the vapors pass off upward therefrom, from one into the next above, through the conducting-pipes f, finally passing off from the uppermost chamber. through the'pipe F, by which it is conveved to a ves'- sel or chamber containing sulphuric acid, to -be couverted into sulphate of ammonia.

The liquor, as it overflows from one evaporatingchamber to another, is weakerand weaker, until, on its escape from the lowest chamber, its strength is so much reduced that there would be no economy in its' further evaporation.

The evaporation of other liquids may be conducted in this apparatus in thesame manner as above described, except that for other purposes the use of lime steam-pipes g, everiioW-pipes e, and vapor-conducting or other material on the bottoms of the evaporatingpipes j; the whole combined to operate substantially chambers maybe dispensed with. as herein described.

What I claim as my invention, and desire tosecure LEVI S. FALES. by Letters Patent, is-

The evaporating-apparatus, composed of the super- Witnesses:` posed intercommunioatin g evaporating-chambers B1 Bz FRED. HAYNES, B3 B B5 B, interposed steam-passages 01 C2 O3 0405, J. W. OOOMBS. 

